ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ultra-Sharpening of Diamond Stylus by 500 eV O+/O2 + Ion Beam Machining without Facet and Ripple Formation
The price of single point diamond tools with a sharp tip is very high due to complex machining process and highly expensive machining equipments. Yet, the performance is not quite satisfactory. In this paper, we have presented a very simple and cost effective machining process for the sharpening and polishing of diamond stylus using low energy reactive ion beam machining (RIBM). In our method, machining of the stylus was done by 500 eV O+/O2 + ion beam at an off-normal ion incidence angle under rotating condition. Mechanically coarse-finished styli of two different size and shape were used as the specimen- stylus of apex angle 90° with the radius of curvature 5μm and stylus of apex angle 60° with the radius of curvature 2μm. In both cases, the stylus was sharpened down to an apex angle of around 55° with the radius of curvature ≤100 nm. The tilt angle of the specimen for shrapening was predicted from simulation. The surface of the processed stylus was completely smooth and ripple-free and the surface defects on the pristine stylus were also eliminated by the proposed machining method. Due to low energy RIBM, the irradiation damage on the diamond crystalline structure was minimal.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3896_ce1fcf7998912253a265a64f15923bfb.pdf
2012-09-01
127
134
Ultera-sharpening
Diamond
Ion Beam Machine
S. F.
Mahmud
1
Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo University of Science, Japan Bangabandhu Fellowship on ICT Project, Bangladesh
LEAD_AUTHOR
J.
Taniguchi
2
Bangabandhu Fellowship on ICT Project, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Comparison between the Effect of Cr and W Addition on Formation Kinetic of Nanostructure TiAl(γ) Alloy by Mechanical Alloying Route
In this research, mechanical alloying was used to produce Ti-50Al, Ti-45Al-5Cr and Ti-45Al-5W (at%) alloys. The effect of ternary addition (Cr and W) on microstructure and production efficiency of TiAl alloy were investigated. Alloying was performed in a planetary mill and the milling time varying from 5 to 70h. The structural evaluation in these powders was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) during mechanical alloying and after annealing at 1100°C in vacuum oven. The results showed only a complete amorphous phase after 50h of milling of Ti-50Al powder mixture, but with 5at% addition of Cr, the Cr (Ti, Al) solid solution within the amorphous matrix were identified after 70h milling and with 5at% addition of W, the W lattice was remained with amorphous phase. The time required for solid solution or amorphous phase formation was longer in Cr and W containing powders. After annealing of mechanically alloyed Ti-50Al, the γ-phase with high purity and nanostructured size was produced and for sample with Cr addition, the TiAl(γ) with amount of Ti3Al(a2) were formed and for sample with W addition, the duplex phase (γ+a2) with a minor amount of W, were formed.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3897_bc5b4062dc1a089d30da42a3fca77bcd.pdf
2012-09-01
135
142
Mechanical alloying
Titanium Aluminide
Chromium
tungsten
nanostructure
F.
Abbasi Nargesi
1
Matrials Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
R.
Azari Khosroshahi
2
Matrials Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Dependence of Spectroscopic Properties of Copper Oxide Based Silica Supported Nanostructure on Temperature
Various concentrations of copper were embedded into silica matrix to xerogel forms using copper source Cu(NO3)2∙3H2O. The xerogel samples were prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of Tetraethyl Ortho-Silicate (TEOS) with determination of new molar ratio of the components by the sol-gel method. After ambient drying, the xerogel samples were heated from 60 to 1000˚C at a slow heating rate (50°C/h). The absorption and transmittance spectra of the gel matrices were heat treated at different temperatures. The loss of water and hydroxyl group from the silica network changed the spectral characteristics of Cu2+ ions in the host silica. The shift observed for the broad band of the absorption spectrum of the samples heated up to 600°C was attributed to the legend field splitting and partial removal of the hydroxyl group from the silica matrix. Absorption spectrum of the samples heated to 1000°C confirmed the conversion of Cu2+ ions to Cu+ ions. The effects of thermal treatment were characterized by Fourier Transmission Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy at different temperatures. Also, the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) micrographs confirmed the average pores size of about 50 nm.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3898_ab9a3216a915fa5fbc19a9ed69c88f37.pdf
2012-09-01
143
148
Copper oxide
Nano-composite
Thermal treatment
silica
Sol-gel
S. H.
Tohidi
1
Materials Research School, ( NSTI) , Karaj, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
A. J.
Novinrooz
2
Physics Group, Islamic Azad University, Takestan branch, Takestan, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Derhambakhsh
3
Materials Research School, ( NSTI) , Karaj, I. R. Iran Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
AUTHOR
G. L.
Grigoryan
4
Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lead Selenide Nanomaterials: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, Optical Properties and DFT Calculations
Well-defined crystalline PbSe nanocubes and nanospheres have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method by using Pb2+- EDTA and Pb2+- oleylamine complexes at 180°C for different reaction times. Composition and morphology of the samples have been characterized by means of XRD and SEM. Gradual release process of Pb2+ from Pb2+-EDTA and Pb2+-oleylamine complexes can adjust the growth rate. Both EDTA and oleylamine play important roles in the crystal growth of PbSe nanomaterials. The electronic band structure along with density of states (DOS) calculated by the DFT method indicates that PbSe have a direct energy band gap of 0.51 eV. The optical properties, including the dielectric and absorption of the compounds are calculated by DFT method and analyzed based on the electronic structures. Two absorption bands have been observed in the absorption spectra identified from density of state (DOS) calculations.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3899_80d98efa2b6d76b4e3f254e4cd01d3e7.pdf
2012-09-01
149
156
: nanostructures
Lead selenide
Optical Properties
DFT calculations
M.
Hatami
1
Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
AUTHOR
M. H.
Majles Ara
2
Photonics Lab., Kharazmi University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Rostami
3
School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. Photonics and Nanocrystal Research Lab. (PNRL), Faculty of Electrical and Computer
AUTHOR
M.
Dolatyari
4
School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
M.
Mahmudi
5
School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
H.
Baghban
6
School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis of MgO Nanoparticales and Identificationof Their Destructive Reaction Products by 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide
Nanocrystalline magnesium oxides were prepared by sol–gel method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2-BET, SEM and infrared spectroscopy techniques. The results confirmed the formation of Nano- MgO materials with crystallite size in range of 5-20 nm and surface areas of 336-556m2/g. The product has been tested as destructive adsorbent for the decontamination of (2-chloroethyl) ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), a mimic of bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide(“HD” or Mustard Gas). Destructive adsorbent reaction has been carried out in heptanes and methanol media. The reaction was investigated by GC-FID and GC–MS techniques. Reaction rate in heptane has been observed to be higher than methanol. It seems a nonpolar media aided material transfer to the reactive surface sites without blocking them.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3900_e9cfe0c1461a1d7f7dffd7485640d986.pdf
2012-09-01
157
164
Nano-MgO
Decontamination
(2-chloroethyl) ethyl sulfide
B.
Maddah
1
Department of Chemistry, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Chalabi
2
Department of Chemistry, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis of LDPE/Nano TiO2 Nanocomposite for Packaging Applications
Improving barrier properties through the use of nanocomposites is an important area of research, especially for the food packaging industry. In this work, Titanium dioxide (TiO2 )/Low density Poly Ethylene (LDPE) nanocomposites were synthesized as the oxygen barrier layers through the co-extrusion process. The Oxygen permeability of the nanocomposite with 4% of TiO2 decreased for about 16% compared to the pristine LDPE. Furthermore, the rancidity of almonds in the packaging which is made of the former is about 78% less than the latter. Therefore, from the data obtained from the permeation, mechanical and degradation experiments, it can be concluded that these nanocomposites provide promising applications as O2-barrier and antidegradation agents in food packaging.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3901_efe63705b6485f663fb2681e54302d10.pdf
2012-09-01
165
170
Nanocomposite
TiO2 Nanoparticle
Packaging
Permeability
A.
Nasiri
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
M. Shariaty-Niasar
Shariaty-Niasar
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Z.
Akbari
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Polyanionic Cellulose Polymer Nanoparticles on Rheological Properties of Drilling Mud
Polyanionic cellulose polymer is used as an additive in drilling mud in order to decrease water loss and mudcake- thickness. In this study effect of bulk and nanosize polyanionic cellulose on water loss and mud-cakethickness in mud drilling is investigated. Polyanionic cellulose nanoparticles are made by using of ball milling. Size of nanoparticles is measured by Particle size analyzer. Polyanionic cellulose and polyanionic cellulose nanoparticles which were prepared by Hamilton batch mixer and with certain percent suggested by API, were added to water-based mud drilling. Filter press system is used to measure the amount of water loss and mud cake thickness. It was found that adding polyanionic cellulose nanoparticles in comparison with conventional polyanionic cellulose resulted in desirable reduction of amount of water loss and mud cake thickness.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3902_44daeb1450e7d68c149fe717bd1b8dc4.pdf
2012-09-01
171
174
Polyanionic cellulose
nanoparticles
Mud drilling
water loss
Mud cake thickness
M.
Fereydouni
1
Nano Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
S.
Sabbaghi
2
- Nano Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
R.
Saboori
3
Chemical and Petroleum Engineering School, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
S.
Zeinali
4
Nano Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protein Bands Detection by Nanoparticles after Paper Chromatography
Paper chromatography is an analytical technique for separating and identifying mixtures of materials. It is a useful technique since it is relatively quick, and requires small quantities of the material. By emergence of nanotechnology, paper chromatography has found many applications in biology and biotechnology. In this study, we employed gold and silver nanoparticles to detect protein bands after the paper chromatography method. We first performed paper chromatography on a solution containing Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) protein. Then, the gold and silver nanoparticles were exploited for paper coloration. As a result, it was noticed that location of the protein bands was clearly distinct and detectable with this technique.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3903_e980098c2a483a643468da37d02cb2b0.pdf
2012-09-01
181
184
Chromatography
Detection
Nanoparticle
Protein
F.
Ramezani
1
Nanotechnology group of Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, I. R. Iran Young Research Club, Pharmacy Faculty, Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The First and Second Zagreb Indices, First and Second Zagreb Polynomials of HAC5C6C7[p,q] and HAC5C7[p,q] Nanotubes
Topological indices are numerical parameters of a molecular graph G which characterize its topology. On
the other hands, computing the connectivity indices of molecular graphs is an important branch in chemical
graph theory. Therefore, we compute First Zagreb index Zg
1(G)= uv E
(G ) ( u v ), d d ∈ Σ + Second Zagreb index
Zg
2(G)=
( ) uv E (G ) u v d d ∈ Σ × and their polynomials Zg1(G,x)= ( )
d
u dv
uv E G
x
∈
Σ
+ and Zg2(G,x)= ( )
d
udv
uv E G
x
∈ Σ for two
famous families of nanotubes “HAC
5C6C7[p,q]” and “HAC5C7[p,q]”.
https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_10754_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
2012-09-01
175
180
Molecular Graph
Nanotubes
First Zagreb index
Second Zagreb index
Zagreb polynomial
M. R.
Farahani
1
Department of Applied Mathematics, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR